Decoder for STM8 series MCUs SWIM protocol.

Signed-off-by: Mike Jagdis <mjagdis@eris-associates.co.uk> (github: mjagdis)

2 files changed, 335 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/decoders/swim/__init__.py b/decoders/swim/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/decoders/swim/__init__.py
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+##
+## This file is part of the libsigrokdecode project.
+##
+## Copyright (C) 2018 Mike Jagdis <mjagdis@eris-associates.co.uk>
+##
+## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+## (at your option) any later version.
+##
+## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+## GNU General Public License for more details.
+##
+## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+## along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+## Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+##
+
+'''
+SWIM is a single wire interface for STM8 series 8-bit microcontrollers
+that allows non-intrusive read/wite access to be performed on-the-fly
+to the memory and registers of the MCU for debug and flashing purposes.
+
+See the STMicroelectronics document UM0470 for details.
+'''
+
+from .pd import Decoder
diff --git a/decoders/swim/pd.py b/decoders/swim/pd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..462779b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/decoders/swim/pd.py
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+##
+## This file is part of the libsigrokdecode project.
+##
+## Copyright (C) 2018 Mike Jagdis <mjagdis@eris-associates.co.uk>
+##
+## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+## (at your option) any later version.
+##
+## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+## GNU General Public License for more details.
+##
+## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+## along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+## Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+##
+
+import math
+import sigrokdecode as srd
+
+class SamplerateError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+class Decoder(srd.Decoder):
+    api_version = 3
+    id = 'swim'
+    name = 'SWIM'
+    longname = 'STM8 SWIM bus'
+    desc = 'STM8 Single Wire Interface Module (SWIM) protocol.'
+    license = 'gplv2+'
+    inputs = ['logic']
+    outputs = []
+    options = (
+        {'id': 'debug', 'desc': 'Debug', 'default': 'no', 'values': ('yes', 'no') },
+    )
+    channels = (
+        {'id': 'swim', 'name': 'SWIM', 'desc': 'SWIM data line'},
+    )
+    annotations = (
+        ('bit', 'Bit'),
+        ('enterseq', 'SWIM enter sequence'),
+        ('start-host', 'Start bit (host)'),
+        ('start-target', 'Start bit (target)'),
+        ('parity', 'Parity bit'),
+        ('ack', 'Acknowledgement'),
+        ('nack', 'Negative acknowledgement'),
+        ('byte-write', 'Byte write'),
+        ('byte-read', 'Byte read'),
+        ('cmd-unknown', 'Unknown SWIM command'),
+        ('cmd', 'SWIM command'),
+        ('bytes', 'Byte count'),
+        ('address', 'Address'),
+        ('data-write', 'Data write'),
+        ('data-read', 'Data read'),
+        ('debug', 'Debug'),
+    )
+    annotation_rows = (
+        ('bits', 'Bits', (0,)),
+        ('framing', 'Framing', (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)),
+        ('protocol', 'Protocol', (1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)),
+        ('debug', 'Debug', (15,)),
+    )
+    binary = (
+        ('tx', 'Dump of data written to target'),
+        ('rx', 'Dump of data read from target'),
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # SWIM clock for the target is normally HSI/2 where HSI is 8MHz +- 5%
+        # although the divisor can be removed by setting the SWIMCLK bit in
+        # the CLK_SWIMCCR register. There is no standard for the host so we
+        # will be generous and assume it is using an 8MHz +- 10% oscillator.
+        # We do not need to be accurate. We just need to avoid treating enter
+        # sequence pulses as bits. A synchronization frame will cause this
+        # to be adjusted.
+        self.HSI = 8000000
+        self.HSI_min = self.HSI * 0.9
+        self.HSI_max = self.HSI * 1.1
+        self.swim_clock = self.HSI_min / 2
+
+        self.eseq_edge = [[-1, None], [-1, None]]
+        self.eseq_pairnum = 0
+        self.eseq_pairstart = None
+
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.bit_edge = [[-1, None], [-1, None]]
+        self.bit_maxlen = -1
+        self.bitseq_len = 0
+        self.bitseq_end = None
+        self.proto_state = 'CMD'
+
+    def metadata(self, key, value):
+        if key == srd.SRD_CONF_SAMPLERATE:
+            self.samplerate = value
+
+    def adjust_timings(self):
+        # A low-speed bit is 22 SWIM clocks long.
+        # There are options to shorten bits to 10 clocks or use HSI rather
+        # than HSI/2 as the SWIM clock but the longest valid bit should be no
+        # more than this many samples. This does not need to be accurate.
+        # It exists simply to prevent bits extending unecessarily far into
+        # trailing bus-idle periods. This will be adjusted every time we see
+        # a synchronization frame or start bit in order to show idle periods
+        # as accurately as possible.
+        self.bit_reflen = math.ceil(self.samplerate * 22 / self.swim_clock)
+
+    def start(self):
+        self.out_ann = self.register(srd.OUTPUT_ANN)
+        self.out_binary = self.register(srd.OUTPUT_BINARY)
+
+        if not self.samplerate:
+            raise SamplerateError('Cannot decode without samplerate.')
+
+        # A synchronization frame is a low that lasts for more than 64 but no
+        # more than 128 SWIM clock periods based on the standard SWIM clock.
+        # Note: we also allow for the possibility that the SWIM clock divisor
+        # has been disabled here.
+        self.sync_reflen_min = math.floor(self.samplerate * 64 / self.HSI_max)
+        self.sync_reflen_max = math.ceil(self.samplerate * 128 / (self.HSI_min / 2))
+
+        if self.options['debug'] == 'yes':
+            self.debug = True
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+
+        # The SWIM entry sequence is 4 pulses at 2kHz followed by 4 at 1kHz.
+        self.eseq_reflen = math.ceil(self.samplerate / 2048)
+
+        self.adjust_timings()
+
+    def protocol(self):
+        if self.proto_state == 'CMD':
+            # Command
+            if self.bitseq_value == 0x00:
+                self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [10, ['system reset', 'SRST', '!']])
+            elif self.bitseq_value == 0x01:
+                self.proto_state = 'N'
+                self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [10, ['read on-the-fly', 'ROTF', 'r']])
+            elif self.bitseq_value == 0x02:
+                self.proto_state = 'N'
+                self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [10, ['write on-the-fly', 'WOTF', 'w']])
+            else:
+                self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [9, ['unknown', 'UNK']])
+        elif self.proto_state == 'N':
+            # Number of bytes
+            self.proto_byte_count = self.bitseq_value
+            self.proto_state = '@E'
+            self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [11, ['byte count 0x%02x' % self.bitseq_value, 'bytes 0x%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '0x%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%x' % self.bitseq_value]])
+        elif self.proto_state == '@E':
+            # Address byte 1
+            self.proto_addr = self.bitseq_value
+            self.proto_addr_start = self.bitseq_start
+            self.proto_state = '@H'
+        elif self.proto_state == '@H':
+            # Address byte 2
+            self.proto_addr = (self.proto_addr << 8) | self.bitseq_value
+            self.proto_state = '@L'
+        elif self.proto_state == '@L':
+            # Address byte 3
+            self.proto_addr = (self.proto_addr << 8) | self.bitseq_value
+            self.proto_state = 'D'
+            self.put(self.proto_addr_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [12, ['address 0x%06x' % self.proto_addr, 'addr 0x%06x' % self.proto_addr, '0x%06x' % self.proto_addr, '%06x' %self.proto_addr, '%x' % self.proto_addr]])
+        else:
+            if self.proto_byte_count > 0:
+                self.proto_byte_count -= 1
+                if self.proto_byte_count == 0:
+                    self.proto_state = 'CMD'
+
+            self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [13 + self.bitseq_dir, ['0x%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%x' % self.bitseq_value]])
+            self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_binary, [0 + self.bitseq_dir, bytes([self.bitseq_value])])
+            if self.debug:
+                self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [15, ['%d more' % self.proto_byte_count, '%d' % self.proto_byte_count]])
+
+    def bitseq(self, bitstart, bitend, bit):
+        if self.bitseq_len == 0:
+            # Looking for start of a bit sequence (command or byte).
+            self.bit_reflen = bitend - bitstart
+            self.bitseq_value = 0
+            self.bitseq_dir = bit
+            self.bitseq_len = 1
+            self.put(bitstart, bitend, self.out_ann, [2 + self.bitseq_dir, ['start', 's']])
+        elif (self.proto_state == 'CMD' and self.bitseq_len == 4) or (self.proto_state != 'CMD' and self.bitseq_len == 9):
+            # Parity bit
+            self.bitseq_end = bitstart
+            self.bitseq_len += 1
+
+            self.put(bitstart, bitend, self.out_ann, [4, ['parity', 'par', 'p']])
+
+            # The start bit is not data but was used for parity calculation.
+            self.bitseq_value &= 0xff
+            self.put(self.bitseq_start, self.bitseq_end, self.out_ann, [7 + self.bitseq_dir, ['0x%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%02x' % self.bitseq_value, '%x' % self.bitseq_value]])
+        elif (self.proto_state == 'CMD' and self.bitseq_len == 5) or (self.proto_state != 'CMD' and self.bitseq_len == 10):
+            # ACK/NACK bit.
+            if bit:
+                self.put(bitstart, bitend, self.out_ann, [5, ['ack', 'a']])
+            else:
+                self.put(bitstart, bitend, self.out_ann, [6, ['nack', 'n']])
+
+            # We only pass data that was ack'd up the stack.
+            if bit:
+                self.protocol()
+
+            self.bitseq_len = 0
+        else:
+            if self.bitseq_len == 1:
+                self.bitseq_start = bitstart
+            self.bitseq_value = (self.bitseq_value << 1) | bit
+            self.bitseq_len += 1
+
+    def bit(self, start, mid, end):
+        if mid - start >= end - mid:
+            self.put(start, end, self.out_ann, [0, ['0']])
+            bit = 0
+        else:
+            self.put(start, end, self.out_ann, [0, ['1']])
+            bit = 1
+
+        self.bitseq(start, end, bit)
+
+    def detect_synchronize_frame(self, start, end):
+        # Strictly speaking, synchronization frames are only recognised when
+        # SWIM is active. A falling edge on reset disables SWIM and an enter
+        # sequence is needed to re-enable it. However we do not want to be
+        # reliant on seeing the NRST pin just for that and we also want to be
+        # able to decode SWIM even if we just sample parts of the dialogue.
+        # For this reason we limit ourselves to only recognizing
+        # synchronization frames that have believable lengths based on our
+        # knowledge of the range of possible SWIM clocks.
+        if self.samplenum - self.eseq_edge[1][1] >= self.sync_reflen_min and self.samplenum - self.eseq_edge[1][1] <= self.sync_reflen_max:
+            self.put(self.eseq_edge[1][1], self.samplenum, self.out_ann, [1, ['synchronization frame', 'synchronization', 'sync', 's']])
+
+            # A low that lasts for more than 64 SWIM clock periods causes a
+            # reset of the SWIM communication state machine and will switch
+            # the SWIM to low-speed mode (SWIM_CSR.HS is cleared).
+            self.reset()
+
+            # The low SHOULD last 128 SWIM clocks. This is used to
+            # resynchronize in order to allow for variation in the frequency
+            # of the internal RC oscillator.
+            self.swim_clock = 128 * (self.samplerate / (self.samplenum - self.eseq_edge[1][1]))
+            self.adjust_timings()
+
+    def eseq_potential_start(self, start, end):
+        self.eseq_pairstart = start
+        self.eseq_reflen = end - start
+        self.eseq_pairnum = 1
+
+    def detect_enter_sequence(self, start, end):
+        # According to the spec the enter sequence is four pulses at 2kHz
+        # followed by four at 1kHz. We do not check the frequency but simply
+        # check the lengths of successive pulses against the first. This means
+        # we have no need to account for the accuracy (or lack of) of the
+        # host's oscillator.
+        if self.eseq_pairnum == 0 or abs(self.eseq_reflen - (end - start)) > 2:
+            self.eseq_potential_start(start, end)
+
+        elif self.eseq_pairnum < 4:
+            # The next three pulses should be the same length as the first.
+            self.eseq_pairnum += 1
+
+            if self.eseq_pairnum == 4:
+                self.eseq_reflen /= 2
+        else:
+            # The final four pulses should each be half the length of the
+            # initial pair. Again, a mismatch causes us to reset and use the
+            # current pulse as a new potential enter sequence start.
+            self.eseq_pairnum += 1
+            if self.eseq_pairnum == 8:
+                # Four matching pulses followed by four more that match each
+                # other but are half the length of the first 4. SWIM is active!
+                self.put(self.eseq_pairstart, end, self.out_ann, [1, ['enter sequence', 'enter seq', 'enter', 'ent', 'e']])
+                self.eseq_pairnum = 0
+
+    def decode(self):
+        while True:
+            if self.bit_maxlen >= 0:
+                (swim,) = self.wait()
+                self.bit_maxlen -= 1
+            else:
+                (swim,) = self.wait({0: 'e'})
+
+            if swim != self.eseq_edge[1][0]:
+                if swim == 1 and self.eseq_edge[1][1] is not None:
+                    self.detect_synchronize_frame(self.eseq_edge[1][1], self.samplenum)
+                    if self.eseq_edge[0][1] is not None:
+                        self.detect_enter_sequence(self.eseq_edge[0][1], self.samplenum)
+                self.eseq_edge.pop(0)
+                self.eseq_edge.append([swim, self.samplenum])
+
+            if (swim != self.bit_edge[1][0] and (swim != 1 or self.bit_edge[1][0] != -1)) or self.bit_maxlen == 0:
+                if self.bit_maxlen == 0 and self.bit_edge[1][0] == 1:
+                    swim = -1
+
+                if self.bit_edge[1][0] != 0 and swim == 0:
+                    self.bit_maxlen = self.bit_reflen
+
+                if self.bit_edge[0][0] == 0 and self.bit_edge[1][0] == 1 and self.samplenum - self.bit_edge[0][1] <= self.bit_reflen + 2:
+                    self.bit(self.bit_edge[0][1], self.bit_edge[1][1], self.samplenum)
+
+                self.bit_edge.pop(0)
+                self.bit_edge.append([swim, self.samplenum])